An SDR-Based Framework for Cybersecurity Assessment of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Systems

In the realm of Vehicle-to-Everything systems and vehicular ad-hoc networks, unique characteristics such as high data speeds and bandwidth requirements distinguish them from conventional wireless technologies. Effective transmission and reception of critical Cooperative Awareness Messages and safety data necessitate advanced hardware and software capable of handling substantial message volumes efficiently. This makes it difficult to assess the vulnerabilities of the system, in particular for non-proprietary parties. For this purpose, with a particular focus on wireless communication channels, a framework based on Software Defined Radio technology is presented to assess vulnerabilities and evaluate the profound security of Vehicle-to-Everything network communications between On Board Unit and Road Side Unit for implications of unauthorized interception and manipulation of vital vehicle data by individuals situated near highways. The paper raises pertinent questions about the security level of Vehicle-to-Everything communications and focuses on the importance of robust cybersecurity measures in safeguarding Vehicle-to-Everything systems against potential threats and ensuring the integrity and safety of vehicular communication channels.