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Characterization of Sleep Structure and Autonomic Dysfunction in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Goal: REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a REM parasomnia that is associated to high risk of developing ⍺-synucleinopathies, as Parkinson's disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies, over time. This study aims at investigating the presence of autonomic dysfunctions in RBD subjects, with and without PD, by assessing their sleep structure and autonomous nervous system activity along the different sleep stages. Methods: To this aim, an innovative framework combining a sleep transition model, b...

Reclaiming Anatomy as Method: From Morphological Reasoning to Clinical Relevance

In recent decades, molecular biology and omics technologies have profoundly reshaped biomedical research, with genomics, proteomics, and other high-throughput approaches dominating scientific agendas and funding priorities. Within this molecular paradigm, however, the anatomical sciences face an epistemic and institutional tension: morphology, historically grounded in the study of form, structure, and spatial relationships, is increasingly framed as merely descriptive or obsolete. This Viewpo...

Zebrafish as a model for Catel–Manzke syndrome—identification and characterization of the zebrafish TGDS ortholog

Catel-Manzke syndrome (CMS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with mutations in the TDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (TGDS) gene, the function of which in vertebrates remains unclear. This study investigated the zebrafish ortholog tgds to assess its suitability for modeling the disease. During development, the tgds transcript exhibits a conserved biphasic expression pattern with an initial maternal contribution followed by a second wave of expression after gastrulation. Recombinant zebrafish T...

Including Labour Migration in the Basic Structure of Liberal Democratic States

This paper reconsiders the relation between labour immigration and the liberal state by revisiting the Rawlsian notion of the domestic “basic structure”. The basic structure of society is the set of its major institutions, which provides the background on which all transactions within society take place and the fundamental terms of social cooperation. Labour immigration is an integral part of the history and setup of contemporary liberal democratic states, which constitutes an essential trait...

Epistemic Role Models

A liberal account of epistemic exemplarity for education is developed. Building on recent work in virtue epistemology, it is argued that the standard view of epistemic role models as exceptionally virtuous and imitable agents faces significant pedagogical limitations. We propose expanding this conception in two directions: by including enkratic exemplars, who demonstrate virtuous conduct despite inner conflict and thus qualify as exemplars despite lacking full virtue; and by incorporating inj...

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