Historical Evolution of Water Management in Liguria: From Agricultural Landscapes to Coastal Gardens

Liguria is an Italian region on the Mediterranean, consisting of a nar- row hilly arc overlooking the sea, with the Magra River being the only watercourse of significant flow. Despite its limited territorial extent scarce surface water, Liguria has always been a land of considerable agricultural diversity. Historically, water use was shaped by the con- trast between the communal management of public resources and the individualism associated with private properties. This study exam- ines the transformation of an arid landscape arid terrain into fertile land through sustainable water management management practices. The construction of terraces on steep slopes for cultivation, as well as the building along with the development of canals and cisterns for the ingenious use of water, are well documented through extensive his- torical records and cartography. Coastal agricultural systems, such as those in the Cinque Terre and Chiavari, offer emblematic examples of water management. In noble estates, water played a key examples of water management. In noble estates, water played a key role not only in sustaining Mediterranean vegetation through elaborate hydraulic systems but also in maintaining productive agricultural areas. Lig- uria’s centuries-old expertise in water management provides valuable insights for addressing contemporary challenges. Integrating tradi- tional practices with technological innovation may offer sustainable solutions for the future.