Fatal cervical and mediastinal haemorrhage following insertion of a central venous catheter via the right internal jugular vein: A rare and underestimated complication

Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is a widely performed invasive procedure in medical and surgical practice. Despite the use of ultrasound guidance, haemorrhagic complications remain a potential risk, especially in patients with coagulopathy or those on anticoagulant therapy. Neck hematoma can lead to rapid-onset fatal airway obstruction. Herein, we present a fatal case of cervical and mediastinal haemorrhage following CVC placement through the right internal jugular vein. This case highlights the importance of thorough forensic examination in cases of cervical haemorrhage. A meticulous evaluation of the cervical organs and vessels is crucial.