Objective: To verify whether a 5Hz-rTMS treatment enhances retention of a visuo-motor skill in a group of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Background: In patients with PD, skill retention is poorer than in normal age-matched controls, despite a generally preserved acquisition rate. It has been shown that, in normal subjects, treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at 5Hz may induce phenomena of long-term potentiation at the cortical level. Methods: Twenty-one right-handed patients with PD (Hoehn & Yahr stage: 2-3, age 61.7 6 5.7 years) and twenty age-matched right-handed normal controls were tested one week apart in two separate sessions (TMS and sham), each encompassing two consecutive days. In both sessions, on day 1, subjects learned to adapt their movements to a progressive 60°rotation of the visual display (counterclockwise rotation in one session, clockwise rotation in the other) and, immediately after the task, either real or sham 5Hz rTMS was applied over the right posterior parietal cortex (P6, 10-20 EEG system); on day 2, retention was tested. Acquisition and retention indices were evaluated by computing directional errors of the movement trajectories. The effect of treatment was assessed with repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests with correction for multiple comparisons. Results: On day 1, controls and patients (in both sham and TMS sessions) adapted their movements to the rotated display in a similar manner (p>0.05). On day 2, the mean retention index in normal subjects was significantly different from that of the PD patients in the sham session (p<0.001), but not from that of the TMS session (p>0.3). On average, there was a significant difference between the retention indices in the sham and TMS sessions (p<0.05), although this effect was not uniform across patients. Conclusions: First, these data confirm that retention is decreased in PD and, then, suggest that rTMS applied after learning might enhance retention.
Does rTMS enhance memory retention in Parkinson’s disease (PD)?
MARINELLI, LUCIO;
2014-01-01
Abstract
Objective: To verify whether a 5Hz-rTMS treatment enhances retention of a visuo-motor skill in a group of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Background: In patients with PD, skill retention is poorer than in normal age-matched controls, despite a generally preserved acquisition rate. It has been shown that, in normal subjects, treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at 5Hz may induce phenomena of long-term potentiation at the cortical level. Methods: Twenty-one right-handed patients with PD (Hoehn & Yahr stage: 2-3, age 61.7 6 5.7 years) and twenty age-matched right-handed normal controls were tested one week apart in two separate sessions (TMS and sham), each encompassing two consecutive days. In both sessions, on day 1, subjects learned to adapt their movements to a progressive 60°rotation of the visual display (counterclockwise rotation in one session, clockwise rotation in the other) and, immediately after the task, either real or sham 5Hz rTMS was applied over the right posterior parietal cortex (P6, 10-20 EEG system); on day 2, retention was tested. Acquisition and retention indices were evaluated by computing directional errors of the movement trajectories. The effect of treatment was assessed with repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests with correction for multiple comparisons. Results: On day 1, controls and patients (in both sham and TMS sessions) adapted their movements to the rotated display in a similar manner (p>0.05). On day 2, the mean retention index in normal subjects was significantly different from that of the PD patients in the sham session (p<0.001), but not from that of the TMS session (p>0.3). On average, there was a significant difference between the retention indices in the sham and TMS sessions (p<0.05), although this effect was not uniform across patients. Conclusions: First, these data confirm that retention is decreased in PD and, then, suggest that rTMS applied after learning might enhance retention.
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